DADIMA (Fruit Rind)
Dadima consists of dried fruit rind (pericarp) of Punica granatum Linn. (Fam. Punicacem), a large deciduous shrub or a small tree, found wild in the warm valleys of the outer hills of Himalayas between 900 to 1800 m and also cultivated in many parts of the country.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Lohitapuspa, Dantabija
Assamese : Dalim
Bengali : Dadima, Dalim, Dalimgach
English : Pomenagrate
Gujrati : Dadam, Dadam phala
Hindi : Anar, Anar-ke-per
Kannada : Dalimba, Dalimbe haonu
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Mathalam
Marathi : Dalimba
Oriya : Dalimba
Punjabi : Anar
Tamil : Madulam Pazham
Telugu : Dadimbakaya, Dadimma
Urdu : Anar
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug occurs in 0.1 to 0.5 cm thick, more or less concave, salver- shaped pieces, some pieces showing residual carpel walls and some having persistent toothed calyx tube alongwith withered stamens, styles and a few seeds; coriaceous, tough and nearly smooth; brown to reddish-brown externally and brownish-yellow internally; bearing impressions left by seeds; fracture, short; odour not distinct; taste, astringent.
b) Microscopic
Epicarp single layered covered with thick cuticle; mesocarp consists of a wide zone of oval to polygonal thin walled parenchymatous cells; a few fibro-vascular bundles, tanniniferous vessels, secretory canals, oil globules, single and a number of groups of round or oval to elongated stone cells, simple and compound starch grains having 2 or 3 components with concentric striations and central hilum, and rosette crystals of calcium oxalate present in mesocarp.
Powder – Yellowish-brown; shows single or groups of stone cells; oval to polygonal, parenchymatous cells in surface view; vessels with scalariform thickening, tanniniferous vessels and a few rosette crystals of calcium oxalate and rounded to oval starch grains, measuring 3 to 5 n in dia.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.4 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 9 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 20 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C of alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Chloroform: Ethylacetate : Formic acid (5:4:1) shows in visible light one spot at Rf. 0.74 (bluish grey). Under U.V. (366 nm) one fluorescent zone is visible at Rf. 0.74 (dark blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour two spots appear at 0.74 (dirty yellow) and 0.95 (yellow). On spraying with 10% aqueous Ferric chloride reagent one spot appears at Rf. 0.74.(blue). On spraying with 5% Mathanolic-Sulphuric Acid and heating the plate for ten minutes at 110°C two spots appear at Rf. 0.74 (brownish grey) and 0.95 (violet)
CONSTITUENTS – Tannic acid, Sugar and Gum
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Amla, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Snigdha
Virya : Anusna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Grahi, Vata Kaphahara, Vranaropaka
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Khadiradi Gutika, Mrtasanjivani Sura, Kalyanaka Ghrta, Maaricadi Gutika, Nilikadya Taila
THERAPEUTIC USES – Daha, Jvara, Kasa, Pravahika, Raktapitta, Raktavikara, Kantharoga, Mukhadaurgandha, Aruci, Amlapitta, Atisara
DOSE – Powder 3-6 g
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